High blood pressure usually has no symptoms, yet it increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney damage and sight problems. Effective management combines accurate measurement with a personalised assessment of cardiovascular risk, lifestyle and medication.
Know your readings
A single reading is rarely the whole story. Correctly performed home or ambulatory monitoring can help distinguish sustained high blood pressure from temporary elevation. Discuss concerning or inconsistent readings with your GP.
Lifestyle measures that matter
Small, sustained changes can make a measurable difference.
- Reduce excess salt and favour minimally processed foods
- Follow a varied Mediterranean-style eating pattern
- Work towards a weight that improves your health
- Aim for regular aerobic activity appropriate to your ability
- Moderate alcohol and avoid excessive caffeine
- Address sleep and persistent stress where possible
Medication and review
Medication may be recommended when lifestyle measures are insufficient or overall cardiovascular risk is high. Reviews remain important because weight, kidney function, other conditions and medicines can change over time. A review should consider effectiveness, side effects, interactions and whether the plan still fits your priorities.